Consists of organizations engaged in activities, either formally or informally, that provide the necessary links between the beginning of product creation and the delivery of product to customers.
A key concept in scientific research, including marketing research, that is designed to test theory or “gut feelings” about some issues usually with the use of statistical analysis.
A public relations tool where a company spokesperson travels to key cities to discuss new products through bookings on TV and radio shows and conducting interviews with print and Internet reporters or influencers (e.g., bloggers).
Move by companies to locate certain business functions, such as customer service, outside of either their home country or the country in which their customers reside.
Method of data collection, often associated with Quantitative Research, that captures information through the input of responses to a research instrument containing questions (i.e., questionnaire).
Represents a branding decision in which a design element, such as a symbol, logo, character or sound, is used to provide visual or auditory recognition for a product.